Sundial of world news

All Americans should be involved in the effort to reduce the deficit. This is the message sent on Monday by Barack Obama from the White House Rose Garden. The U.S. president, who presented his program of deficit reduction, confirmed a tax plan of 1500 billion to the deficit of 3000 billion over the next ten years. "We can not get out of this abyss only by reducing spending. It is normal that we ask everyone to pay their fair share, "said the president.

In Focus: the wealthiest Americans. Barack Obama chose not to extend beyond the end of 2012, the expiration date, the tax breaks granted to wealthier by the administration of his predecessor, Republican George W. Bush (800 billion dollars and would be recovered over ten years)."We can not afford these tax rates low for the rich. We can not help us while we are suffering large deficits, "he says.

The most significant proposal remains the introduction of a tax, "Buffett," the name of the investor Warren Buffett who has proposed. As expected, Bush did not go into details about the conditions of its applications but according to the New York Times, the tax on millionaires that will concern only 0.3% of taxpayers.

"This is not the class struggle is mathematical"

Responding to criticism from his Republican opponents, who accuse him of wanting to punish those who have succeeded and discourage the "job creators," Barack Obama said that "it is not the class struggle is mathematics ".He said "any reform plan will increase revenues to help reduce our deficit. This must be part of the formula. " Democrat for President, "the middle-class taxpayers should not pay more taxes than millionaires and billionaires. It is loud and clear, and difficult to contradict. I will not support a plan that puts the entire burden of deficit reduction on the shoulders of the average American. "

The project also includes U.S. President down $ 580 billion in mandatory spending on social programs, including Medicare (health insurance for the elderly) and Medicaid (the federal program for the poor).But Barack Obama has warned that he would veto any proposal that would reduce these benefits without requiring an increased effort in return for the wealthiest Americans and big business.

The President was prepared to lower taxes on companies providing launch an overhaul of the tax code to eliminate some tax loopholes, such as offering tax exemptions to businesses through the acquisition of business jets (gain total of 700 billion). It is also banking on an economy 1.1 trillion dollars over ten years because of withdrawals from Afghanistan and Iraq.

Propostion of "not serious"

But the camp of the Republicans who control the House of Representatives, has already expressed his displeasure."Threatening to veto, massively increase taxes to save ghosts and build on a reform of social programs, it is not a recipe for economic growth and labor market," said the leader Senate Republicans, Mitch McConnell. John Boehner, chairman of the House of Representatives, it was found that the contribution of Obama's bipartisan commission was not "serious."

The proposals of the White House must still be forwarded to a bipartisan parliamentary committee which will meet in late November. This means that the bill is unlikely to be adopted in the state.

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"SPECIAL CRISIS: fear of debt

Like its previous meeting, the hectic day ahead of the Paris markets. After opening sharply lower (-1.28%), the CAC 40 is pressed into the green, gaining 0.59% to 2911.87 points. In the morning, Moody's announced degradation by Moody's debt to Societe Generale and Credit Agricole. BNP Paribas, meanwhile, is kept under negative watch by rating agency. The agency kept under review with negative implications the long-term rating and deposits "Aa2". The uncertainty is still required on other European financial centers: the Frankfurt Dax loose 1.13% to 5131.48 points, the Madrid Stock Exchange lost 0.73% to 7777.3 points, the FTSE Milan Mib down 2.19% at 13,571 points, and the London FTSE-100 down 0.31% to 5157.85 points.

"This is a meeting of all the dangers that will open.The news of banks is particularly rich and the market will excuse the slightest spark to plummet again, "said one Paris-based analyst who requested anonymity told AFP. For his part, Christian Noyer judge that the situation of these banks is not likely to deteriorate further.On RTL, the governor of the Banque de France as well as Judge Moody's announcement is "a relatively good news", "French banks maintain an excellent rating and have the same level as the major European banks." It is the even Jean Leonetti: French Minister for European Affairs estimates that French banks are not in danger, considering the speculation responsible for the "excitement" today.

Beijing expected at the turn of the Italian debt

Moreover, markets are awaiting a decision from Beijing to buy-or-no Italian sovereign debt, "China will continue to increase its investments in Europe," said Premier Wen Jiabao, the opening of "Summer Forum" Davos in Dalian (north-east) on Wednesday.But he is hopeful that the leaders of major European countries consider their relationship with courage to China a strategic point of view. "

Another new fueling hopes of a crisis: the five emerging BRIC (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa) should discuss next week the opportunity to help the European Union by increasing their holdings of bonds denominated in euros.

Still on the debt of Athens, the Greek Prime Minister George Papandreou, French President Nicolas Sarkozy and German Chancellor Angela Merkel hold a conference call tonight to find a solution to the crisis. The meeting comes as fears or rumors speak out about the bankruptcy of Greece.After having set fire to the powder Monday citing the possibility of a default in Athens, Germany has tried to calm things down Tuesday by stressing, in the words of Chancellor Angela Merkel, that everything was done to prevent a collapse of Greece.

The euro declined against the dollar

On the macroeconomic front, the figures for industrial production in the euro area are expected. In Britain, unemployment figures for August will also be published.

United States, who saw their deficit increase again this summer, the figures for retail sales and producer prices for August will be announced early afternoon.Like stocks and sales of businesses, as well as the weekly inventory of crude oil guaranteed high risk personal loans.

On the foreign exchange market, the euro was down again this morning against the greenback at 1.3637 dollars, against 1.3682 dollars in New York the day before. The single currency also weakened against the yen at 104.81 yen against 105.19 yen yesterday in New York. The yen was also stable against the dollar at 76.86 yen to the dollar against 76.88 the previous day.

Oil prices were also down Wednesday, as markets always worried about the debt crisis in the eurozone and a possible bankruptcy of Greece, analysts said. In early electronic trading, a barrel of "light sweet crude" for delivery in October lost 71 cents to 89.50 dollars per barrel of Brent North Sea crude for October delivery 9 cents to 111.80 dollars."With the danger hovering over the Greek market, prices are highly volatile, very nervous," said Nick Trevethan, commodities analyst at ANZ Research in Singapore.

Values ​​to follow

• Banking

Following the deterioration of Moody, the banking sector should be particularly under the spotlight for this session, with the front line Societe Generale (-2.09% to 17.52 euros) and Credit Agricole (3.14% to 5.31 euros). Maintained under negative watch, BNP Paribas (-3.64% to 26.98 euros) also said Tuesday it had asked the AMF to open an investigation after information on the liquidity of the bank published in the Wall Street Journal.In addition, BNP Paribas will reduce the size of its balance sheet of about 10% by the end of 2012 and expects to achieve a capital adequacy ratio of 9% under the new banking regulations of Basel III soon 1 January 2013, the French bank said in a presentation document. Societe Generale and Credit Agricole.

• Areva (-1.90% to 20.60 euros)

EDF prepares to place an order for more than one billion euros in the nuclear group Areva for the purchase of 32 steam generators, Le Figaro said on Wednesday.The choice of Areva will be endorsed on Sept. 28 by the Board of Directors of the electrician needs to change 32 of its 44 steam generators in its power to 1300 MW.

• Renault (-0.14% to 24.81 euros)

The manufacturer wants to improve its stock market value and change the structure of the alliance with Nissan is not the main lever to get there, told Reuters the CEO of Renault, Carlos Ghosn, the car show in Frankfurt. He also said the group looked for ways to adjust the structure of the Renault-Nissan.

• Vinci (0.47% to 31.81 euros)

The group won a contract worth 108 million euros for the construction of systems of wastewater treatment in the Dominican Republic.

• CNP Assurances (0.44% to 10.29 euros)

The Standard & Poor's said Tuesday night that confirmed the rating of "AA-" from the French insurer.

• Club Med (2.66% to 12.15 euros)

The leisure group has published on Wednesday sales down slightly in the third quarter, its activity has been particularly impacted on travel to Morocco, Tunisia and Egypt, against the backdrop of geopolitical turmoil. Turnover fell by 1.9% in third quarter (-0.3% at constant currency) to 323 million euros.

The health of European banks worried. So much so that the question of nationalization resurfaces. The possible bankruptcy of Greece and the contagion to Spain and Italy that would result are panicking investors who continue to attack for several days bank stocks. Since the beginning of the year, BNP Paribas, Credit Agricole and Societe Generale have lost between a "large" third and 60% of their stock value. On the first day of September, the losses of the three titles are respectively 17.45%, 22.33% and 27.69%.

The fault, among other things an IMF report indicating a need for 200 billion euros for all European institutions. And, two days after the executive director of the institution, Christine Lagarde, has said that banks needed an "urgent recapitalization."Statements that had caused an outcry among European officials. On the sidelines of G8 was held in Marseille on Saturday, the former Minister of Economy and Finance held to explain the 200 billion euros. "This figure was included in a draft document and did not reflect the final estimate of the IMF, she said. This is not a stress test conducted by the IMF. " He added: "This is not the overall need for capital for European banks." As acknowledged by the President of the European Central Bank, Jean-Claude Trichet earlier this month.

The dissenting voice of the German finance minister

But Christine Lagarde acknowledged that differences still exist between the IMF and ECB experts on the methodology to achieve the quantification of the capital requirements of banks.The final decision of the IMF should be in the final report, whose publication is expected by the end of September. The difference analysis between the IMF and the Europeans based in part on how to account for the value of government bonds of countries at risk in banks' balance sheets. The Anglo-Saxons are in favor of the idea of ​​using their market value, while the Europeans prefer to use internal models are less sensitive to changes in short-term securities.

Meeting in Marseille on Friday and Saturday, finance ministers from the euro zone wanted reassurance on the European banking system, swearing that he will not go bankrupt. All? Not a voice was more concerned desired. That of the German finance minister, Wolfgang Schäuble, who would, according to Spiegel, already developed a plan to prevent the bankruptcy of Greece.

The Paris Bourse has continued to widen its losses on Friday. After an opening down 1.19%, the CAC 40 slipped 3.5% in response to the publication of U.S. employment figures earlier this afternoon. Then the index was down enccore in the red, losing up to 4% just before 17 hours. Finally, the CAC shows a significant decrease of 3.59% to 3148.53 points. No value of CAC has been able to climb into the green on Friday. For the week, however, the Cac 40 shows a gain of 1.97%.

Elsewhere in Europe, the Milan Stock Exchange closed on a fall of 3.89%. In Frankfurt, the Dax lost 3.36% at the final bell and the FTSE in London fell by 2.34%.The European indexes have been sealed by banking stocks, which still suffer from concerns over European debt, including the stalled talks in Greece.

Thus, investors have been cooled by zero job creation in August in the United States. In July, the first estimate of recruitment was greatly scaled down from 117,000 jobs created to 85,000. The unemployment rate remained steady at 9.1%, as expected. "The labor market is expected to remain sluggish in the medium term and the unemployment rate should rise slightly or remain at its current high level" of 9.1%, says Inna Mufteeva at Natixis.This publication reinforces the eyes of experts, the probability of a new monetary response from the U.S. Federal Reserve at its next meeting on September 20 and 21.

In addition to the waits before publication of the report, traders were disappointed by yesterday's U.S. indexes mixed. The weekly jobless claims have fallen and certainly the contraction was avoided in the manufacturing sector, but construction costs and productivity plummeted. In addition, the White House confirmed the pessimism about the weakness of the recovery across the Atlantic in scaling back its growth forecasts.

Euro stable

On the foreign exchange market, around 17:30, the euro 1.4207 dollars, against 1.4260 on Thursday, its lowest level in three weeks.Yesterday, the euro had fallen sharply under the impact of renewed concerns vis-à-vis the health of the euro area, where industrial activity contracted in August, unlike the United States.

In France, higher energy costs caused a 0.5% increase in producer prices in July in the euro area, as expected, but overall inflationary pressures subside to the extent that the area economy patina.

The bank collapse

Fear seizes even Greek European banks. The establishment of a second aid plan seems to be complicated. The troika of creditors of Greece left Athens Friday, giving the government 10 days to advance structural reforms in the country, weighed down by a recession that will prevent it from holding its budget savings target.In Paris, Crédit Agricole fell 7.38% to 6.65% Societe Generale, BNP Paribas and Axa of 6.24% to 5.73%.

Arcelor-Mittal: -6.10% to 14.17 euros

The group plans to resort to short in the fourth quarter at its plant in Florange (Moselle), and will ask 600 of the 3,000 employees of the plant to take RTT in September, officials said Thursday a union source

Total: -2.69% to 33.40 euros

The oil will extend all over France its network of service stations at low prices, after tests conducted last year in dozens of outlets, according to Les Echos.

France Telecom: -2.37% to 13.17 euros

The operator has received numerous expressions of interest for its Swiss division, told Reuters CEO Stéphane Richard, noting that financial market volatility would not affect projects sales of assets of the group.

Bouygues: -2.14% to 25.61 euros

The Standard & Poor's announced that it placed the long-term rating of A-group under review with negative implications following the announcement by him of a proposed acquisition of securities.

Sanofi: -3.25% to 49.75 euros

The group confirmed Thursday it has reached an agreement with Pfizer to produce in France generic versions of Lipitor, the cholesterol featuring the American group.

EDF: -3.23% to 20.95 euros

Goldman Sachs has revised down its price target on the title, which goes from 49 to 31 euros, while remaining on the purchase value.

Carrefour: -2.83% to 17.66 euros

HSBC lowered its recommendation to "overweight" to "neutral" and target price of 30.50 to 20 euros.

Stallergenes: – 0.81% to 49 euros

The laboratory of immuno-allergic Thursday announced a net profit up 18% in the first half to 23.7 million euros, benefiting from the "business growth" and a "moderate increase spending research and development. " In the process, Oddo is to reduce its recommendation to neutral.

Safran – 2.77% to 27.05 euros, Suez Environnement: -4.23% to 11.09 euros

Saffron is the best candidate for an entry in the CAC 40, while Suez Environnement, whose price has fallen heavily since the beginning of the summer, should come out, say professionals in the Paris Bourse.

Nyse Euronext – 1.93% to 18.56 euros

The London Stock Exchange has confirmed a press report that it is discussing a possible settlement with LCH.Clearnet.Discussions are at a preliminary stage and there is no guarantee that it would, he said.

Neopost: + 10.39% to 56.30 euros

The group raised its forecast of annual sales for the second time, following an accelerated growth in the second quarter, thanks to the dynamics of North America.

If this is not a government program or a setting under the supervision of Italy is like. Friday, Jean-Claude Trichet and his designated successor Mario Draghi sent a joint letter to Silvio Berlusconi stating the conditions set by the ECB to the acquisition of Italian government securities on the secondary market. Conditions detailed binding, behind which one can read the label of the current governor of the Bank of Italy, future boss of the ECB. The letter should have remained secret: the Corriere della Sera reported Monday morning, after the Executive Board of the central bank in the euro area, which has long balked at the reluctance of German and Dutch governors, gave the green light to purchases of securities in Italy and Spain.

Roadmap drastic

The ECB seems to blame the previous plans of Silvio Berlusconi to be inadequate, too general, too spread out over time.As she raises her conditions. First, she asked Silvio Berlusconi to proceed by order, immediately applicable, not Bill (DDL), that Parliament is still time to approve. It then lists the reforms it expects Italy. In terms of privatization, she cites municipal corporations (public transport, roads, electricity supply, with the exception of water which will remain public).

With regard to the Labour Code in force since 1970, the ECB requires to make more flexible the procedures for dismissal and to focus on agreements in companies with sectoral agreements negotiated at the national level. This is a crucial point: Sergio Marchionne, boss of Fiat, continues to denounce the rigidity of hiring and layoffs.

By asking such requirements, the ECB ventures into unfamiliar ground.But it does not matter to the hawks in Frankfurt to fly to the rescue of Rome by putting huge sums into play if Italy does not comply with a roadmap drastically. Nicolas Sarkozy and Angela Merkel pushed in that direction. In their joint statement on Sunday night, they emphasized that the return of Italy to a balanced budget in 2013 was an important "fundamental" for markets and called for "a rapid implementation and complete" the measures announced Friday by Silvio Berlusconi.

This intervention boosted the opposition: "What we really require the ECB and the international institutions? A government powerless now totally discredited and Trust must at least say what the real situation, "said the press head of the Democratic Party, Pierluigi Bersani.As for the former European Commissioner Mario Monti, he now believes that Italy is governed by a "foreign Podesta."

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At the close, the Nikkei 225 index of blue chips lost 143.61 points to 9925.92 points, passing below the 10,000 points that he had passed last week for the first time in two months. The broader Topix index of all titles of the first table dropped 12.97 points (1.49%) to 857.19 points. The activity was quite low, with 1.83 billion shares traded on the market first.

"We must be on alert about debt problems in Europe, even more than before," said Yutaka Yoshii, fund manager at Mito Securities, quoted by Dow Jones Newswires.

European stock markets fell Monday, weighed down by the mistrust of the market vis-à-vis Italian and Spanish bonds have reached record levels, respectively more than 5% and 6%.After eight and a half hour crisis meeting in Brussels, the finance ministers of the euro area published in the late afternoon a statement intended to reassure markets about the soundness of financial support measures to the most indebted countries.

But the euro has remained on the defensive Tuesday in Asia, quoting 1.3961 dollars Tuesday shortly before 8 o'clock, against 1.4029 dollars on Monday in 23 hours. He also declined vis-à-vis the yen at 111.90 yen against 112.61 yen.

This weakness of the single European currency is bad news for Japanese groups engaged in Europe, because it reduces the value of their income from the Old World when converted into yen. The shares of Japanese exporters groups have therefore lost ground.

Investors have a sharp tongue this morning at the Paris Bourse to the Sodexo. The title of specialist catering opened sharply lower on Tuesday (-0.93% to 53.45 euros), thus one of the largest declines in the SBF 120. Figures released this morning before market had, however, is appealing. In the first nine months of its fiscal year 2010-2011 (ending August 31), the turnover number two worldwide in its sector has in fact increased by 7.7% to 12.408 billion euros. On a comparable basis, sales advanced 5.2% between September 2010 and May 2011.

Confirm what the goal of organic growth of 4.5% of its annual turnover from 2010 to 2011 (target statement in April) and operating profit up "order" 10% off effects.

In a statement released this morning, management also details the performance by division.On the side of its core business, sales service solutions on site (catering services, 95% of the activity), billings were up 5.1% organically, driven by the strong performance of the restoration and services to businesses and governments. "This reflects the dynamism of emerging countries Sodexo," also details the statement said.

Latin America driving growth

As for solutions motivations (gift vouchers, tickets restaurants), there is also a dynamic steady, with sales up 6.2% organically, to 532 million euros. Again, the emerging regions have driven growth, including Latin America, where activity jumped 13.7% of the activity against a withdrawal of 0.9% in Europe.For example, Sodexo won a new contract with the Venezuelan Senate tickets for restaurants, covering 11,150 beneficiaries.

The reaction of the markets this morning is not worrying, investors took some profits after a rise of 13% of the title for four months. More than 18 times earnings estimates for the current fiscal year, the title is rather highly valued, which may also explain the correction on Wednesday.

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Gloomy atmosphere at the Paris Bourse. On Wednesday, the benchmark index in Paris ended sharply down 0.88% to 3837.98 points. Either in the 3850 points, a significant technical threshold, which has not happened since March 18 last. Even bad mood: the London Stock Exchange was down 0.95% at 5808.89 points while in Frankfurt the Dax loose 0.61% to 7060.23 points.

On Tuesday, the benchmark index beyond the Paris Bourse had managed to achieve a small rebound. But since the Fed has made comments that disturb operators, already worried by the weak U.S. economy. In a televised speech in Atlanta, its chairman Ben Bernanke said that economic growth across the Atlantic remained "desperately slow" and that it required the maintenance of a "monetary policy complacency."He said that "growth should recover somewhat in the second half, but remain generally moderate. Delivered just before the close of U.S. markets, the speech was the turning Wall Street into the red. And this morning, Asian stock markets also reacted negatively.

Furthermore, growth of the emerging world should rise from 7.3% in 2010 "to about 6.3% annually from 2011-2013," considers the Bank's global economic forecast published in Washington.

French record trade deficit

In this gloomy atmosphere, the markets will monitor several indicators, mainly European.

– In France, the trade deficit set a record high in April to 7.14 billion euros, against 5.91 billion in March, seasonally adjusted data, the Customs said Wednesday.Moreover, the deficit of state budget stood at 61.4 billion euros in late April against 56.2 billion a year earlier, according to data released Wednesday by the Budget Ministry.

– In Germany, exports fell 5.5% in April on a month and imports by 2.5% over the same period, according to preliminary data adjusted for seasonal and calendar published Wednesday by the Federal Statistics Office . Other bad news, industrial production in Germany fell 0.6% in April on a month, its first decline since December, after rising 1.2% in March, said Wednesday the Department of Economics.

– Economic growth of countries in the euro area was well brought up to 0.8% in the first quarter from the previous quarter, Eurostat said.In one year, growth was also confirmed at 2.5%.

– U.S. stocks of crude oil dropped ten times more than expected last week in the U.S., but gasoline inventories rose sharply, according to figures released Wednesday by the U.S. Department of Energy. Then 20 hours, the Fed will deliver the findings of its Beige Book.

Side currency, the euro lost ground against the dollar Wednesday after being around $ 1.47 the day before. To 17 hours in Paris, the single European currency traded at 1.4575 dollars against 1.4688 dollars late Tuesday. Oil prices were, themselves, without direction in electronic trading in Asia in anticipation of an OPEC meeting in Vienna in the day that might decide to increase production.A barrel of light sweet crude for July delivery took 7 cents 99.16 dollars while that of Brent North Sea crude for delivery same retreated 48 cents to 116.30 dollars.

Banks still abused

No value of the CAC 40 is in the green at closing. On the SBF 120, Groupe Eurotunnel rises of 0.88%. The operator of the Channel Tunnel has won the tender launched by the great seaport of Bordeaux to determine the particular conditions of access to the network of railways, said on Tuesday a statement from the group.Saft rises of 0.80%, HSBC rose to overweight on the title.

Back on the Cac 40, Alcatel-Lucent shows the largest decrease: -3.26% to 3.65 euros.

Sanofi Aventis, valued for his defensive forward timidly from 0.17% to 52.33 euros.

Banks are generally downward: Natixis (-2.07% to 3.50 euros), Societe Generale (-1.39% to 39.79 euros) and BNP Paribas (-0.82% to 52.21 euros ) undergo further profit taking.

PPR: -1.67% to 115.15 euros

The group announced it is extending its takeover offer for the American Volcom until June 16

Hermes: +0.08% to 187.80 euros, LVMH: -1.11% to 116.30 euros

The group returns to its highest in October 2010 and outperformed the other lasting values ​​of luxury in favor of speculation about a takeover at the end of the saddle by LVMH, which already owns more than 20% of a group supported by sustained growth .

Schneider Electric: -1.34% to 110.70 euros

The authority of U.S. markets, the SEC filed a complaint for insider trading around the offer of French Schneider Electric on the Spanish Telvent. According to a warning issued Tuesday on the website of the SEC, this crime would have allowed the authors to make a profit of about $ 475,000 in total through the sale of option contracts Telvent acquired before the announcement of massive Schneider's offer.

Renault: -2.20% to 36.72 euros

The decision of the Court of Appeal of Versailles on the possible recognition as an occupational accident suicide in February 2007, Raymond D, employee Technocentre Renault in Guyancourt (Yvelines), is expected Thursday.The suicide of Raymond D was the third employee of the Technocentre in the space of four months between late 2006 and early 2007.

Belvedere: stable at 61.48 euros

After the decision of the Court of Appeal of Dijon, on Tuesday to confirm the cancellation of the safeguard procedure, the band announced that it "remains open to an agreement with its main creditors in the run to finish with a conflict that has lasted too long. "

BioAlliance: + 1.78% to 6.30 euros

The group wants to create a commercial structure for selling online in Europe's orphan drugs in oncology while pursuing its strategy of licensing agreements for its specialty products.

NYSE Euronext: -0.54% to 24.06 euros

NYSE and Deutsche Börse have announced a special dividend of 2 euros per share for shareholders of the combined group

GDF Suez: -0.49% to 24.43 euros

Group CEO, Gerard Mestrallet, warned Tuesday against Montreal seduction exerted excessive public opinion renewables, noting in particular the high cost of wind power."These are intermittent energy sources that will require large reserve capacity, which will be based on natural gas because of the ease of use of gas turbines," he told the International Economic Forum of the Americas.

Total: -0.20% to 38.21 euros

The U.S. manufacturer SunPower solar panels, partial target of a takeover of French Total, raised its forecast Tuesday quarterly revenue but warned that its margins could suffer from falling prices.

Next recommendation, after Exane BNP Paris yesterday, Credit Suisse rose to "outperform" on the title Michelin (-0.14% to 63.70 euros).

Please note that Air France-KLM will unveil its traffic in May after-hours trading. Valeo and Sopra hold their general meetings and Gifi publish the results of its second quarter after market close.

The 55 new trains duplex 3G will go quietly into the fleet of the station which already has 488. Outwardly, nothing distinguishes them from their elders also manufactured by Alstom and the delivery of which ranged between 2005 and 2011.

Inside, very slight innovations have been introduced: two screens are placed in each car to provide practical information (time, stations traveled, speed of the train …). The aisle is wider for the movement of disabled people. Seat reservations are displayed on small digital displays. Surprisingly, the SNCF seeks to preserve the same framework to avoid disturbing passengers … But according to the technicians of the station, trains are quieter and less pitching than older ones.They are also equipped with pre-wiring that will install a video system protection.

Yet, the president of the SNCF did not hesitate on Monday at a ceremony to talk about a new "weapon of European conquest." It is true that the Euro Duplex – it's his nickname – is the only way to travel in Switzerland, Germany, Luxembourg and Spain through its signaling system that will work on different networks and thanks to its compatibility with electrical equipment.

The new TGV will run on the network Rhine Rhone which the Strasbourg-Lyon is inaugurated in December. They also conduct trips between Marseilles and Frankfurt. Gradually, as they are delivered (9 in 2011, 15 in 2012, 11 in 2013, both in 2014 and 7 in 2015), the TGV also serve Spain."We currently have nearly 50% share of European market for high speed, said Guillaume Pepy, SNCF's boss. Today, the challenge is to keep them. "

The overall cost of this order placed in 2007 amounted to 1.6 billion euros, or about 28 million per train. Something to keep Alstom workshops while a European social movement was launched Monday in the various European sites of the Alstom Group. Germany, Spain and Italy are particularly affected by a plan to eliminate positions from 1300 to 1400 in the transportation division.

Greece must provide more work and results, said the French Finance Minister Christine Lagarde, who put pressure on Athens in an interview with Austrian daily Der Standard to be released this Saturday.

"Greece must deliver results and why the country must do more than during the last twelve months," said Christine Lagarde, whose name is mentioned as a successor to Dominique Strauss-Kahn to head the IMF.

Asked about her refusal of any debt restructuring, Christine Lagarde said: "We already gave Athens more time to repay its loans in the euro area is already a concession." He continued: "It is legitimate that we expected that Greece will make its share of work."

"We do not want a state of bankruptcy"

The French Minister of Economy recognizes that the Greek government has done things, "but there are still areas where things are moving too slowly", referring to privatizations. "Either Greece delivers results, then we can imagine additional help.Otherwise there is the question of how Greece is ready to play the game for its own bailout, "said ministre.Et further emphasized:" What we certainly do not want, c 'is a state of bankruptcy, a default in Europe ..

While the Greek Government discusses the rise in unemployment generated by the austerity plan, the minister reminded the unemployment rate in Spain, according to her superior to that of Greece, but where "the country still does its job, saved and managed to turn around. "

Challenge to implement a program

The rating agency Fitch, meanwhile, lowered on Friday noted the long-term debt of Greece to three notches. This is a new blow to Athens which also saw its borrowing costs on market reached a new record.Fitch lowered the rating of BB + Greek + to B, referring to the "challenge" for Greece that is the "implementation of a program of structural reform and radical tax necessary to ensure the solvency of the state and the foundations of sustained economic recovery "in the country.

"New fiscal austerity measures are necessary" to achieve that Greece's budget deficit target of 7.5% of GDP in 2011, said Fitch. The agency suggests including poor tax revenues and difficulties in implementing a privatization program.

Greece also saw its cost of borrowing on the markets at a record Friday, the rate of its ten-year bonds exceeding 16.7%. Sign that investors fear that Greece is not able to honor its debts.

The Greek prime minister said his country would repay its entire debt."We will refund the loans," said George Papandreou, whose country was granted last year a plan to help the EU and the IMF amounting to 110 billion euros to avoid it default.

But many observers believe that Greece will avoid a major restructuring of its debt, meaning pay creditors later or less than expected. But the European Central Bank precludes this scenario.

In the wake of Fitch, another rating agency S & P has for its part lowered by one notch the rating of the long-term debt of the Crédit Agricole to 'A +' cons 'AA-' before, because of its exposure Greece."We believe that the French banking group Credit Agricole is particularly prone in Greece, because of the issue of solvency and the economic outlook" of the country, particularly through its subsidiary Emporiki, S & P said in a statement.

(With Agencies)